By Wumi Oyehan
In order to address the challenges of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR), the World Health Organisation (WHO) on Thursday, said it is imperative for governments to strengthen it system by investing more in health care especially in Primary Healthcare (PHC), so that everyone who is sick can get a proper and timely diagnosis and a prescription with right treatment and care.
Acting Director of Antimicrobial Resistance Department, Dr Jean-Pierre Nyemazi, disclosed this during a virtual news briefing organised alongside an exhibition at the European Parliament on the human impact of antimicrobial Resistance.
He revealed that drug-resistant bacterial infections kill about one million people every year, warning that antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is imposing growing costs on families, health systems and economies.
According to him, governments must back national commitments to tackle AMR with legislation, financing and accountability, while the media has an important role in taking the issue beyond scientific circles and into public debate.
Nyemazi said, “Even obtaining a prescription can be a challenge. When families have a sick child, they often go straight to a pharmacy to get medicine. So,the first thing needed is whole-of-system strengthening :governments must invest in primary health care so that everyone who is sick can get a proper and timely diagnosis and a prescription with right treatment and care.
”Pharmacies dispense antibiotics without prescriptions because people demand them. People go to pharmacies without a prescription and ask for the drugs. If a pharmacist does not hold the line, they will provide them. We therefore also need to educate the population so that people stop seeking medicines this way. Of course, this only works if people can access proper care and diagnostics in the first place.
”Existing regulations that prohibit dispensing reserve antibiotics without a prescription must be enforced by national or district authorities.
”We need to embrace technology. Some countries have started digitizing pharmacy and dispensing services so that it is possible to track what is being dispensed and later audit whether it was given for a clear clinical purpose.
”In short, there is no single solution. It requires combined efforts from everyone: governments must strengthen services, the public must be educated to change”.
Nyemazi noted that Antimicrobial affects humans, animals, plants, food systems, economies and the environment, with drug-resistant pathogens able to move across sectors and national borders.
He said the scale of deaths caused by AMR means the issue should no longer be treated as a silent or abstract health challenge.
He called for wider access to quality medicines and diagnostics and measures to reduce environmental contamination.
The WHO official emphasised that governments must strengthen primary healthcare so patients can obtain timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment, noting that limited access to healthcare can drive people to obtain antibiotics directly from pharmacies.
He urged authorities to enforce regulations restricting the dispensing of reserve antibiotics without prescriptions and encouraged the use of technology to monitor and audit medicine dispensing.
Nyemazi said prevention remains the most effective approach, highlighting vaccination, infection prevention and control, water, sanitation and hygiene, improved animal husbandry, stronger surveillance and responsible use of antimicrobials.
On Nigeria, Nyemazi said access to veterinary services remains limited, stating that the problem is often worse outside Europe.
He stressed that tackling AMR requires coordinated action by governments, civil society, the private sector, health professionals, pharmacies and the public.
Nyemazi said the updated WHO Global Action Plan on AMR, approved by member states at the 2026 World Health Assembly, places greater emphasis on a One Health approach involving human, animal and environmental health.
According to WHO official a 10 per cent reduction in AMR is achievable through measures including infection prevention and control, vaccination and improved access to quality antimicrobials, provided countries implement them effectively.
He also called for continued investment in research and development of new antibiotics, antifungals as well as other technologies, while stressing the need to preserve existing medicines through responsible antimicrobial use and better diagnostics.
The briefing featured the exhibition, ‘AMR: The human stories behind a silent pandemic,’ organised by the WHO and European Parliament Member Martin Häusling.
An AMR survivor and member of the WHO Task Force of AMR Survivors, Rob Purdie, also shared his experience of a serious fungal infection that progressed to meningitis after delayed diagnosis.
Purdie said his illness resulted in prolonged treatment, severe side effects and major financial and personal consequences, underscoring the importance of early diagnosis, responsible use of antimicrobials and investment in new medicines.
The WHO has set ‘One Health, One Action, Prevent AMR Now’ as the theme for this year’s World AMR Awareness Week, scheduled for November 18 to 24
